新项目日志管理统一用logback，由于之前一直在用log4j，所以其实对logback这个由log4j长出来的家伙还不算陌生。

首先介绍下logback的前世今生。

slf4j由log4j作者Ceki开发，逐步取代apahce commons logging。

logback由log4j作者Ceki开发，逐步取代log4j。

slf4j等于commons-logging，是各种日志实现的通用入口，会根据classpath中存在下面哪一个Jar来决定具体的日志实现库。

logback相比较log4j的优势

slf4j支持参数化的logger.error("帐号ID：{}不存在", userId);

告别了if(logger.isDebugEnable()) 时代。

另外logback的整体性能比log4j也较佳，hibernate等项目已经采用了slf4j。

slf4j和logback的使用

1.如果日志的参数超过3个，需要写成

1. Object[] params = {newVal, below, above};
2. logger.debug("Value {} was inserted between {} and {}.", params);

Object[] params = {newVal, below, above}; logger.debug("Value {} was inserted between {} and {}.", params);

2.因为内部已优化，作者认为slf4j的logger不需要定义为static。

3.可设置缓存后批量写日志文件(但服务器如果重启，可能会丢失未写到磁盘的记录)

4.MDC，用Filter，将当前用户名等业务信息放入MDC中，在日志format定义中即可使用该变量。

5.JMS Appender用于告警, DB Appender用于业务日志等可以使用插件，如生成Log代码的Eclipse插件Log4E。

6.tomcat和glassfish中，设定日志路径为../logs/xxxx.log 都能将日志放入应用服务器本身的logs目录。

最后把最近完善的一个logback.xml贴上，毕竟实际项目中的文件最能说明问题。

1. <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
3. <configuration>
4. <substitutionProperty name="log.base" value="d:\\logback\\logback" />
5. <jmxConfigurator />
6. <appender name="stdout" class="ch.qos.logback.core.ConsoleAppender">
7. <filter class="ch.qos.logback.core.filter.EvaluatorFilter">
8. <evaluator name="myEval">
9. <expression>message.contains("dao")</expression>
10. </evaluator>
11. <onMatch>ACCEPT</onMatch>
12. <onMismatch>DENY</onMismatch>
13. </filter>
14. <layout class="ch.qos.logback.classic.PatternLayout">
15. <pattern>%date [%thread] %-5level %logger{80} - %msg%n</pattern>
16. </layout>
17. </appender>
18. <appender name="logfile-dao"
19. class="ch.qos.logback.core.rolling.RollingFileAppender">
20. <filter class="ch.qos.logback.core.filter.EvaluatorFilter">
21. <evaluator name="myEval_dao">
22. <expression>message.contains("dao")</expression>
23. </evaluator>
24. <onMatch>ACCEPT</onMatch>
25. <onMismatch>DENY</onMismatch>
26. </filter>
27. <Encoding>UTF-8</Encoding>
28. <File>${log.base}_dao.log</File>
29. <rollingPolicy class="ch.qos.logback.core.rolling.TimeBasedRollingPolicy">
30. <FileNamePattern>${log.base}.%d{yyyy-MM-dd}_dao.log.zip
31. </FileNamePattern>
32. </rollingPolicy>
33. <layout class="ch.qos.logback.classic.PatternLayout">
34. <pattern>%date [%thread] %-5level %logger{80} - %msg%n</pattern>
35. </layout>
36. </appender>
37. <appender name="logfile-service"
38. class="ch.qos.logback.core.rolling.RollingFileAppender">
39. <filter class="ch.qos.logback.core.filter.EvaluatorFilter">
40. <evaluator name="myEval_service">
41. <expression>message.contains("service.impl")</expression>
42. </evaluator>
43. <onMatch>ACCEPT</onMatch>
44. <onMismatch>DENY</onMismatch>
45. </filter>
46. <Encoding>UTF-8</Encoding>
47. <File>${log.base}_service.log</File>
48. <rollingPolicy class="ch.qos.logback.core.rolling.TimeBasedRollingPolicy">
49. <FileNamePattern>${log.base}.%d{yyyy-MM-dd}_service.log.zip
50. </FileNamePattern>
51. </rollingPolicy>
52. <layout class="ch.qos.logback.classic.PatternLayout">
53. <pattern>%date [%thread] %-5level %logger{80} - %msg%n</pattern>
54. </layout>
55. </appender>
56. <appender name="jms_dao" class="ch.qos.logback.classic.net.JMSQueueAppender">
57. <InitialContextFactoryName>
58. org.apache.activemq.jndi.ActiveMQInitialContextFactory
59. </InitialContextFactoryName>
60. <ProviderURL>tcp://192.168.1.120:61616</ProviderURL>
61. <filter class="ch.qos.logback.core.filter.EvaluatorFilter">
62. <evaluator name="myEval_service">
63. <expression>message.contains("dao")</expression>
64. </evaluator>
65. <onMatch>ACCEPT</onMatch>
66. <onMismatch>DENY</onMismatch>
67. </filter>
68. <QueueConnectionFactoryBindingName>ConnectionFactory
69. </QueueConnectionFactoryBindingName>
70. <QueueBindingName>cms_dao_log</QueueBindingName>
71. </appender>
72. <appender name="jms_service" class="ch.qos.logback.classic.net.JMSQueueAppender">
73. <InitialContextFactoryName>
74. org.apache.activemq.jndi.ActiveMQInitialContextFactory
75. </InitialContextFactoryName>
76. <ProviderURL>tcp://192.168.1.120:61616</ProviderURL>
77. <filter class="ch.qos.logback.core.filter.EvaluatorFilter">
78. <evaluator name="myEval_service">
79. <expression>message.contains("service.impl")</expression>
80. </evaluator>
81. <onMatch>ACCEPT</onMatch>
82. <onMismatch>DENY</onMismatch>
83. </filter>
84. <QueueConnectionFactoryBindingName>ConnectionFactory
85. </QueueConnectionFactoryBindingName>
86. <QueueBindingName>cms_service_log</QueueBindingName>
87. </appender>
88. <logger name="com.cms5.cmsservice.jms">
89. <level value="DEBUG" />
90. </logger>
91. <logger name="java.sql.PreparedStatement">
92. <level value="DEBUG" />
93. </logger>
94. <logger name="java.sql.Connection">
95. <level value="DEBUG" />
96. </logger>
97. <logger name="java.sql.Statement">
98. <level value="DEBUG" />
99. </logger>
100. <logger name="com.ibatis">
101. <level value="DEBUG" />
102. </logger>
103. <logger name="com.ibatis.common.jdbc.SimpleDataSource">
104. <level value="DEBUG" />
105. </logger>
106. <logger name="com.ibatis.common.jdbc.ScriptRunner">
107. <level value="DEBUG" />
108. </logger>
109. <logger name="com.ibatis.sqlmap.engine.impl.SqlMapClientDelegate">
110. <level value="DEBUG" />
111. </logger>
112. <logger name="com.danga.MemCached">
113. <level value="INFO" />
114. </logger>
115. <logger name="org.springframework.test">
116. <level value="DEBUG" />
117. </logger>
118. <logger name="org.apache.struts2">
119. <level value="DEBUG" />
120. </logger>
121. <root>
122. <level value="INFO" />
123. <!--<appender-ref ref="stdout" />
124. -->
125. <appender-ref ref="logfile-dao" />
126. <appender-ref ref="logfile-service" />
127. <appender-ref ref="jms_dao" />
128. <appender-ref ref="jms_service" />
129. </root>
130. </configuration>

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <configuration> <substitutionProperty name="log.base" value="d:\\logback\\logback" /> <jmxConfigurator /> <appender name="stdout" class="ch.qos.logback.core.ConsoleAppender"> <filter class="ch.qos.logback.core.filter.EvaluatorFilter"> <evaluator name="myEval"> <expression>message.contains("dao")</expression> </evaluator> <onMatch>ACCEPT</onMatch> <onMismatch>DENY</onMismatch> </filter> <layout class="ch.qos.logback.classic.PatternLayout"> <pattern>%date [%thread] %-5level %logger{80} - %msg%n</pattern> </layout> </appender> <appender name="logfile-dao" class="ch.qos.logback.core.rolling.RollingFileAppender"> <filter class="ch.qos.logback.core.filter.EvaluatorFilter"> <evaluator name="myEval_dao"> <expression>message.contains("dao")</expression> </evaluator> <onMatch>ACCEPT</onMatch> <onMismatch>DENY</onMismatch> </filter> <Encoding>UTF-8</Encoding> <File>${log.base}_dao.log</File> <rollingPolicy class="ch.qos.logback.core.rolling.TimeBasedRollingPolicy"> <FileNamePattern>${log.base}.%d{yyyy-MM-dd}_dao.log.zip </FileNamePattern> </rollingPolicy> <layout class="ch.qos.logback.classic.PatternLayout"> <pattern>%date [%thread] %-5level %logger{80} - %msg%n</pattern> </layout> </appender> <appender name="logfile-service" class="ch.qos.logback.core.rolling.RollingFileAppender"> <filter class="ch.qos.logback.core.filter.EvaluatorFilter"> <evaluator name="myEval_service"> <expression>message.contains("service.impl")</expression> </evaluator> <onMatch>ACCEPT</onMatch> <onMismatch>DENY</onMismatch> </filter> <Encoding>UTF-8</Encoding> <File>${log.base}_service.log</File> <rollingPolicy class="ch.qos.logback.core.rolling.TimeBasedRollingPolicy"> <FileNamePattern>${log.base}.%d{yyyy-MM-dd}_service.log.zip </FileNamePattern> </rollingPolicy> <layout class="ch.qos.logback.classic.PatternLayout"> <pattern>%date [%thread] %-5level %logger{80} - %msg%n</pattern> </layout> </appender> <appender name="jms_dao" class="ch.qos.logback.classic.net.JMSQueueAppender"> <InitialContextFactoryName> org.apache.activemq.jndi.ActiveMQInitialContextFactory </InitialContextFactoryName> <ProviderURL>tcp://192.168.1.120:61616</ProviderURL> <filter class="ch.qos.logback.core.filter.EvaluatorFilter"> <evaluator name="myEval_service"> <expression>message.contains("dao")</expression> </evaluator> <onMatch>ACCEPT</onMatch> <onMismatch>DENY</onMismatch> </filter> <QueueConnectionFactoryBindingName>ConnectionFactory </QueueConnectionFactoryBindingName> <QueueBindingName>cms_dao_log</QueueBindingName> </appender> <appender name="jms_service" class="ch.qos.logback.classic.net.JMSQueueAppender"> <InitialContextFactoryName> org.apache.activemq.jndi.ActiveMQInitialContextFactory </InitialContextFactoryName> <ProviderURL>tcp://192.168.1.120:61616</ProviderURL> <filter class="ch.qos.logback.core.filter.EvaluatorFilter"> <evaluator name="myEval_service"> <expression>message.contains("service.impl")</expression> </evaluator> <onMatch>ACCEPT</onMatch> <onMismatch>DENY</onMismatch> </filter> <QueueConnectionFactoryBindingName>ConnectionFactory </QueueConnectionFactoryBindingName> <QueueBindingName>cms_service_log</QueueBindingName> </appender> <logger name="com.cms5.cmsservice.jms"> <level value="DEBUG" /> </logger> <logger name="java.sql.PreparedStatement"> <level value="DEBUG" /> </logger> <logger name="java.sql.Connection"> <level value="DEBUG" /> </logger> <logger name="java.sql.Statement"> <level value="DEBUG" /> </logger> <logger name="com.ibatis"> <level value="DEBUG" /> </logger> <logger name="com.ibatis.common.jdbc.SimpleDataSource"> <level value="DEBUG" /> </logger> <logger name="com.ibatis.common.jdbc.ScriptRunner"> <level value="DEBUG" /> </logger> <logger name="com.ibatis.sqlmap.engine.impl.SqlMapClientDelegate"> <level value="DEBUG" /> </logger> <logger name="com.danga.MemCached"> <level value="INFO" /> </logger> <logger name="org.springframework.test"> <level value="DEBUG" /> </logger> <logger name="org.apache.struts2"> <level value="DEBUG" /> </logger> <root> <level value="INFO" /> <!--<appender-ref ref="stdout" /> --> <appender-ref ref="logfile-dao" /> <appender-ref ref="logfile-service" /> <appender-ref ref="jms_dao" /> <appender-ref ref="jms_service" /> </root> </configuration>

就先不做说明了，里面的配置还是比较明确的，关于jmsappender那部分，之前也做过简单说明。